Here are the answers for the Bear Knowledge Test
In order to build up their fat layers for winter, Bears need foods that are incredibly plentiful, highly nutritious and easily digestible. Since salmon don't make it to the eastern slopes, buffaloberry becomes the most important food to fill all three of these characteristics. If you missed this question, stay out of the bush in berry season until you can confidently identify this plant. Click Here to learn more about buffaloberry
Berry 2
During the peak of the berry season, grizzlies can eat between 50,000 and 200,000 buffaloberries each day. They may feed for upwards of 22 hours a day. During this time, they are absolutely engrossed in feeding and may not hear you approach. Be sure to make an excessive amount of noise in areas of high berry concentration--or better yet, avoid trails with a plethora of ripe buffaloberries.
The early stages of these plants are more nutritious, higher in protein, and more easily digested than the latter stages after they flower, and so bears will actively seek out younger groupings of plants. As the plants on south-facing slopes begin to mature, grizzlies will move onto other areas, such as north-facing slopes where the early season plants may still be available.
In the vast majority of cases, bear attacks are defensive in nature. In most cases, when victims have played dead, the bears have lost interest. The best reaction during a daytime encounter is to keep your backpack on (to protect your back) and adopt a fetal position. Bring your knees up tight to your chest and place your hands behind your neck to protect your head, and keep your face to the ground.
Click here to read Parks Canada's recommendations on bear encounters
While most attacks are defensive in nature, there are rare instances of bears stalking humans. These predatory bears are usually black bears, and if you have reason to believe that a bear is stalking you, than the correct response is to fight back. You may be able to intimidate them by standing tall and raising your arms in the air to appear much larger than you actually are. You should also use anything available to you to fight back. This is an extremely rare situation.
Click here to read Parks Canada's recommendations on bear encounters
While grizzlies rarely do climb trees, they CAN and do occasionally climb trees.
Bear bells are simply too quiet to act as an effective deterrent to black and grizzly bears. They also make a sound that may be unfamiliar in the wilderness, and may trigger a curiosity response. The most effective sound deterrent you can use is your own voice. Make lots of noise and you will likely never meet a bear on the trail.
While bear sprays have been shown to be effective, they only work at uncomfortably close quarters. They are thus useful only as a last resort. Be sure to have it easily accessible, Bear spray does you no good at all if it's buried in your backpack. Don't forget, a wind will reduce the effective range of these sprays even further. Also, there is evidence that while the sprays may act as a deterrent, the scent of pepper spray can act as an attractant. Don't carry partially used canisters!
Bears are hardly the lumbering animals they are often portrayed as. They can run at least 50 km/hr (30 m.p.h.) for short bursts. This converts to a brisk 13.5 metres/second (44 feet/second). A runner capable of a 10 second 100 m dash is only running 10 metres/second or (33 feet/second). If the fastest runners in the world can't outrun a grizzly, you won't have any more luck. Don't try to run away. (Source: Herrero, Stephen, "Bear Attacks - Their Causes and Avoidance"
Parks Canada recommends that you never approach closer than 100 m (300 ft). This is an absolute minimum, and it is best to stay significantly farther away when possible. Never, ever get out of your vehicle to photograph a roadside bear. Not only do you risk injury, but you also may play a role in reducing the bears natural fear of humans. While you may not be injured, you may play an inadvertent role in a future attack. The bears of the Rocky Mountains are wild. Enjoy them from a safe distance.
While they may be sexually mature by age 3, the average age at which they begin to mate in the Central Rockies is 6.8 years. Source: Eastern Slopes Grizzly Project
While in some populations, cubs will be evicted in their second spring, leaving the female free to mate, they tend to remain with their mother for at least 3 years in the Central Rockies. Source: Eastern Slopes Grizzly Project
With the currently high rate of human caused mortality, when combined with the fact that females in the central Rockies begin mating late in life, and reproduce infrequently, human caused mortality must be kept very low. Source: Eastern Slopes Grizzly Project